What is Foxconn and what does it make? A closer look at the giant electronics manufacturer

Taiwan-based contract manufacturer Foxconn Technology Group says it plans to build a $10 billion plant in Wisconsin to make liquid-crystal display panels, or LCDs. Little known to consumers, the maker of iPhones and other gadgets is a giant in the electronics industry thanks to its dominant position in the global manufacturing supply chain.

Here's a closer look at Foxconn:

The company

Foxconn, also known as Hon Hai Precision Industry Co, is the world's largest contract maker of electronics, with factories across mainland China. It's best known for making iPhones and other Apple devices but its long list of customers includes Sony Corp, Dell Inc and BlackBerry Ltd.

American expansion

A new US plant will bring Foxconn closer to its biggest market. "TV was invented in America," Foxconn Chairman Terry Gou said at a White House press conference. "Yet America does not have a single LCD factory to produce a complete 8K system. We are going to change that," he said, referring to the latest generation in TV picture clarity, offering four times the resolution of high definition TVs.

Global ambitions

Foxconn bought a majority stake in Japan's Sharp Corp for $3.5 billion in 2016, in the first foreign takeover of a major Japanese electronics company. It also has sought a stake in Toshiba Corp's lucrative memory chip business though rival bidders are expected to prevail. Gou has made it clear he intends for Foxconn to build its brand and acquire leading technology of its own.

Humble roots

As a 24-year-old, Gou borrowed $7,500 from his mother to found Hon Hai in 1974 to make plastic knobs for black and white TVs. The company went on in the 1980s to make electrical connectors for companies like IBM and Atari, growing quickly thanks to the soaring popularity of video games and personal computers. Foxconn's first factory in China, in Shenzhen near Hong Kong, grew to employ hundreds of thousands of workers on dozens of assembly lines. It helped transform southern China into a global electronics manufacturing powerhouse. The company now employs more than a million workers, mostly in mainland China.

Labour strife

Like other contract manufacturers, Foxconn has struggled to meet high safety and other standards expected of consumer electronics brands while keeping costs low. Its Chinese plants making Apple products, especially, have drawn attention for worker suicides, accidents and labour disturbances. Labour advocates say the company imposes excessive overtime and pressure on workers, especially when it ramps up production ahead of new iPhone launches. Gou, who reportedly has worked 16-hour days for the past three decades, has raised wages and pledged to prevent more deaths.