Cameron said he hoped to form a government in the coming days after his Conservative Party enjoyed what he described as a "very strong night".
Ed Miliband, Labour leader, conceded defeat, saying he was "deeply sorry" for a "very disappointing and difficult night".
He later announced his resignation, thanking his supporters "for the selfies... support and the most unlikely cult of the 21st century – Milifandom"
Labour Party leader Ed Miliband pictured after winning his Doncaster constituency, though his party had a bad nightMatthew Lewis/Getty ImagesLabour Party leader Ed Miliband arrives at his party's headquarters in LondonPaul Hackett/ReutersA Labour supporter holds a card for Ed Miliband outside party headquarters in LondonPaul Hackett/ReutersEd Miliband arrives to give his resignation speechMatt Cardy/Getty ImagesLabour Party leader Ed Miliband gives his resignation speech at a press conference in WestminsterMatt Cardy/Getty ImagesLabour Party shadow chancellor Ed Balls speaks to other delegates immediately after finding out that a re-count is required for Morley and OutwoodCraig Brough/ReutersLabour Party shadow Chancellor Ed Balls concedes defeat to Conservative candidate Andrea Jenkyns in Morley and Outwood, LeedsCraig Brough/Reuters
Nick Clegg stood down as the leader of the Liberal Democrats after the party lost the majority of their seats at the general election, a set of results he described as "crushing and unkind".
Clegg was able to retain his Sheffield Hallam seat after a close fight with Labour's Oliver Coppard. But the former deputy prime minister was compelled to stand down as head of the Liberal Democrats after his party sustained heavy losses throughout the UK.
Liberal Democrat leader and Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg and his wife Miriam Gonzalez Durantez look dejected as they leave his constituency declaration in SheffieldDave Thompson/Getty ImagesLiberal Democrat leader Nick Clegg's shadow is seen as he announces his resignation as leader at a news conference in LondonEddie Keogh/ReutersFormer Liberal Democrat leader Paddy Ashdown applauds Nick Clegg, who resigned as leaderEddie Keogh/Reuters
Scottish nationalists rampaged to victory north of the border, virtually wiping Labour off the map.
Labour's UK campaign chief Douglas Alexander lost his Scottish seat to a 20-year-old politics student, the SNP's Mhairi Black, the youngest British member of parliament since the 17th Century.
Newly elected Scottish National Party (SNP) member of parliament, Mhairi Black greets Labour candidate Douglas Alexander during the declaration of the general election results for the constituency of Paisley and Renfrewshire South. At the age of just 20, Mhairi Black has become Britain's youngest member of parliament since 1667Lesley Martin/AFPLeader of the SNP Nicola Sturgeon looks on during the Glasgow declarationsJeff J Mitchell/Getty ImagesSNP supporters celebrate during the Glasgow declarationsJeff J Mitchell/Getty ImagesAlex Salmond, former Scottish National Party leader, waits for results at a counting centre in AberdeenCathal McNaughton/ReutersSNP candidate and former First Minister Alex Salmond attends the count at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference CentreMark Runnacles/Getty Images
London mayor Boris Johnson swept into parliament in the safe Conservative seat of Uxbridge and will have to leave his job as mayor in a year as a result.
Many believe Johnson has his sights on eventually succeeding David Cameron as leader of the party once Cameron serves out what is looking to be his second and final term in office. Johnson has refused to reveal his political ambitions and praised Cameron's work in charge of the party.
"My friends, the people of Britain after a long and exhausting campaign have finally spoken and I don't think we need any fancy constitutional experts to tell us what they were trying to say. I think they have decisively rejected any attempt to take this country back to the 1970s," Johnson said.
Boris Johnson celebrates on stage following his win in the Uxbridge and South Ruislip constituencyMatt Cardy/Getty ImagesHowling Laud Hope, Monster Raving Loony Party candidate for Uxbridge and Ruislip South, milks the applause on stage after votes were countedJustin Tallis/AFP
Nigel Farage lost his battle to win the South Thanet seat after the Conservative candidate for the constituency secured more than 2,000 votes than the Eurosceptic firebrand.
Farage said he would step down as leader of Ukip, but would consider putting his name forward for a future leadership election.
Al Murray, the Pub Landlord, FUKP parliamentary candidate , reacts as Nigel Farage, leader of Ukip, fails to win Thanet SouthSuzanne Plunkett/ReutersUkip leader Nigel Farage reacts as Conservative Party candidate Craig Mackinlay is announced as the winner of the Thanet South constituencyCarl Court/Getty ImagesNigel Farage resigns as leader of the United Kingdom Independence Party after failing to secure a seat in parliament during a news conference in BroadstairsSuzanne Plunkett/Reuters