Wine-soaked revellers paint the town red in Pamplona to kick off San Fermin 2016 festival

Thousands of wine-soaked revellers in Pamplona painted the town red as they celebrated the start of the annual San Fermin festival, famed for its running of the bulls. People sprayed each other with red wine as they partied in the central square of this northern Spanish city. The festival started with the traditional midday launching of a firework rocket — known as the Chupinazo — from Pamplona's town hall balcony, decked out with the Spanish and Basque flags.

The crowd in the square below raised their hands and screamed "Viva San Fermin!" as a marching band made its way though the middle of the throng. This was the signal for the revellers to start dousing each other in red wine and sangria. Those lucky enough to occupy the balconies around the square threw buckets of water on to the crowd below.

The square was filled with people waving red neckerchiefs and wearing the festival's traditional outfit of white shirts and trousers, though they did not stay white for long once the sangria started spraying.

The Chupinazo is held a day before the first of eight bull runs. Thousands of people at the festival test their speed and bravery by racing ahead of six fighting bulls along an 850m course from a holding pen to the city's bull ring. The bulls are then killed by matadors in bullfights each afternoon.

The nine-day fiesta was immortalised in Ernest Hemingway's 1926 novel, The Sun Also Rises, and attracts thousands of foreign tourists. Dozens of people are injured each year in the runs, most of them in falls.

Ten people were gored during last year's festival. In all, 15 people have died from gorings in the San Fermin festival since record-keeping began in 1924.